Exact Matching, Difference-in-Differences Design Researchers analyzed voter turnout effects in North Carolina after photo identification laws were implemented and later repealed. The study found that these laws disproportionately hurt low-education voters lacking IDs.
This study asks how acute external threats affect public attitudes toward military service under authoritarian rule, using original survey data collected in Iran before and after the April 13, 2024 missile exchange with Israel. The article compares responses across the two periods to examine whether a geopolitical shock increases support for coercive mobilization and for expanding military roles across gender boundaries. The author frames the contribution as evidence about how external threats may legitimize coercion and reconfigure gendered citizenship in contexts of regime distrust.
A large literature links refugee presence to higher local conflict risk. This study argues that positive local effects of hosting refugees—especially through development—have been overlooked and may reduce, not increase, conflict.
This study analyzes 1,140 resolutions and amendments explicitly targeting Russia in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) from 2007 to 2021. It investigates how cultural politics—especially debates over LGBT rights and traditional family values promoted by Putin—shape divisions over support for Russia across and within European parties.
Propensity score matching (PSM), a widely used preprocessing tool for causal inference, frequently does the opposite of its intended goal: it can increase imbalance, reduce efficiency, heighten model dependence, and introduce bias.
A constrained priority mechanism is introduced that blends outcome-based matching (from machine learning predictions) with traditional preference-based allocation. The design lets a planner enforce a minimum average outcome while still assigning agents according to their ranked preferences.
What the Paper Asks: How does backlash from consolidated democracies shape the behavior of liberal international institutions? The core argument is that liberal institutions have incentives to appease democratic critics because they depend on democratic support for continued effectiveness and can accommodate democratic critics at a lower legitimacy cost than non-democratic challengers.
Measuring the causal effect of state behavior on outcomes faces two central obstacles: behavior is endogenous, and unobserved confounders are pervasive. Commonly used matching methods are poorly suited when confounders are unobserved. Heckman-style multiple-equation models address unobserved confounding but depend on rigid functional-form assumptions that can introduce substantial bias in estimates of average treatment effects.