This article investigates whether direct remedial strategies enhance the compliance rate of national authorities with European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) judgments.

## Data & Methods

The analysis employs regression discontinuity designs to isolate the causal impact of different communication approaches on compliance outcomes. Case studies from multiple EU member states provide contextual depth, illustrating how legal and administrative systems respond differently depending on the method used by the ECHR.

## Key Findings

Contrary to conventional wisdom that more aggressive strategies improve compliance rates, our findings suggest a nuanced relationship:

Direct communication methods (explicit instructions) resulted in slightly higher compliance rates* than indirect ones (general recommendations).

* However, direct approaches often generated significantly less cooperation and greater resistance.

* The optimal strategy appears to be an adaptive one, blending elements of both depending on the specific case context.

## Why It Matters

These insights offer practical guidance for the ECHR in designing future communication strategies aimed at ensuring national compliance. They also inform broader theoretical discussions about the psychology of legal compliance and international judicial cooperation mechanisms.