🔎 What this tackles

Localized network processes shape many political phenomena—yet they are poorly captured by methods that emphasize global network structure. Examples of these localized processes include:

• coalition and voting bloc formation
• balancing and bandwagoning
• policy learning and imitation
• diffusion, tipping-point dynamics, and cascade effects

🧭 A different way to see ties

Traditional network approaches treat nodes as actors and study actor-level behavior. Shifting to a nodes-as-actions framework reframes the unit of analysis: ties themselves become the actions of interest. This perspective zeroes in on how the formation of some edges causes other edges to form, making it possible to model direct relationships among network connections.

📐 The proposed model

The nodes-as-actions theoretical framework is shown to be statistically compatible with a local structure graph model (LSGM). The LSGM operationalizes edge formation as a function of other edges, thereby modeling action–reaction processes at the level of ties.

📊 How the approach is evaluated

• Monte Carlo experiments demonstrate the properties of LSGMs.
• Two empirical applications explore action–reaction processes in real political settings:
• formation of alliances among countries
• legislative cosponsorships in the US Senate

💡 Why it matters

Modeling edges as responses to other edges captures local dynamics that global-network approaches miss. The LSGM and the nodes-as-actions framing offer a clearer toolkit for studying coalition dynamics, diffusion, and cascade phenomena in political networks.