Studying sensitive issues like corruption or sexual behavior is tough. Direct survey questions often lead to underreporting or nonresponse.
This study validates three indirect methods: list experiment, endorsement experiment, and randomized response.
✅ Methods Used:
- Direct questioning (baseline)
- List Experiment
- Endorsement Experiment
- Randomized Response Technique
📊 Key Findings:
- Indirect techniques produced estimates closer to the official election outcome than direct questions.
- Among indirect methods, endorsement experiment and randomized response had the least bias.
🔍 Why It Matters:
This validation provides empirical evidence supporting the use of indirect survey methods for sensitive political topics.
