📚 Research Question

This study asks how learning from other states affects the comprehensiveness of state drunk-driving laws and whether lobbying by Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) conditions that relationship.

📊 How Law Change Was Traced

• Uses a directed dyad-year analysis of American state drunk driving regulations from 1983 to 2000.
• Models whether states adopt more comprehensive versions of successful policies observed in other states and tests how that effect varies with MADD lobbying activity.

🔍 Key Findings

• More comprehensive policy adoption by states is positively related to policy success in other states when MADD lobbying is relatively low.
• When policy success in other states is relatively low, lobbying by MADD is associated with increased policy comprehensiveness.
• These patterns indicate a conditional relationship: policy learning drives reinvention toward greater comprehensiveness primarily when advocacy pressure is weak, while strong advocacy can spur comprehensiveness when external examples are less convincing.

💡 Why It Matters

By showing that interest-group lobbying alters the effect of interstate policy learning, the study advances understanding of policy reinvention. It highlights lobbying as an alternative source of information and influence that can substitute for or amplify learning from other states in shaping how comprehensively policies are adopted.