This study investigates how economic self-interest, particularly during times of economic insecurity, influences Americans' attitudes towards redistributive policies, class disparities, and racial equality.

Data & Methods: Using survey data from the American National Election Studies (ANES) combined with experimental design principles.

The research demonstrates that individuals experiencing higher levels of economic vulnerability express significantly stronger opposition to redistribution, regardless of its intended targets—whether addressing class-based or race-related inequalities.

Key Findings: Results reveal a stark contrast between Americans' willingness to redistribute for racial justice versus their resistance when redistribution threatens their own economic position during insecure times.

* Findings 1: Redistributive policies aimed at reducing inequality are viewed more favorably by those not directly affected by potential job losses or wage stagnation.

* Findings 2: The effect is particularly pronounced among groups experiencing rising income inequality and economic precarity.

Why It Matters: These findings illuminate the psychological mechanisms driving political polarization in the United States, especially regarding social spending during periods of heightened economic anxiety.

* Implication 1: Economic insecurity acts as a powerful determinant on citizens' policy preferences, often overriding ideological commitments to equality principles.

* Implication 2: This has profound implications for understanding contemporary American politics and designing effective social policies during recessions.