The suspension of rules is a common but understudied pathway for bills to pass through Congress. This paper examines Speaker strategy and partisan representation.

Key Findings:

• Suspension votes are frequently used by majority parties not just for procedural reasons, but strategically:
• For electorally vulnerable incumbents seeking support
• To advance party policy goals while maintaining the appearance of nonpartisanship

Speaker Control & Agenda Setting

• Speakers intentionally split suspension agendas between substantive legislation and parochial bills serving individual members' credit claims
• Minority parties are selectively included in these strategic decisions based on political calculations

Data & Methods:

Analysis covers suspension bills from 1973 to 2015, revealing systematic patterns that contradict the perception of this procedure as purely procedural