This article examines voter suppression across U.S. history. It explores two forms: decentralized violence seen during Jim Crow era lynchings, and centralized law-based restrictions.

Context & Evolution of Voter Suppression

Lynchings and associated violence represented early, decentralized methods.

Recent state-level laws show a shift toward centralized, nonviolent approaches.

The paper argues that suppression tactics change based on political competition intensity and government capacity. When formal restrictions are difficult to pass or enforce, informal violent measures emerge.

Theoretical Framework & Argument

Political scientists now understand voter suppression through this evolving lens.

It shows how external constraints and internal state capacities shape suppression methods.