This study investigates how party identification develops across adulthood. The author argues that the act of voting reinforces partisan predispositions through a process called rationalization, transforming choice into identity reinforcement.

The core challenge lies in distinguishing between causal factors: does partisanship precede electoral participation or follow it? To address this, instrumental variables from vote eligibility are employed as a research design solution. This methodology effectively untangles the reciprocal relationship.

Key findings reveal that elections significantly fortify prior partisan orientations—voting itself acts as an anchor for political loyalty—even when voters lack substantial information gains about parties or candidates.

This "this means that" approach demonstrates clear implications: electoral participation serves as a powerful mechanism in strengthening party identification, thereby shaping long-term voting behavior and political engagement. By focusing on the act of voting rather than just informational acquisition, it refines our understanding of how citizens develop enduring political attachments.