This study asks: Does international attention from human rights organizations (HROs) mitigate trade impacts of domestic rights abuses? We argue that while abuse alone doesn't fully harm exports, HRO shaming worsens this negative effect. This relationship depends on importers' respect for rights—shamed abuse harms trade only when importing states are less abusive.

Our approach uses gravity models analyzing global trade data from 1990-2008, incorporating measures of physical integrity rights violations and HRO shaming campaigns across nations in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Oceania.

Key Findings

• HRO attention amplifies export declines caused by human rights abuse
• The negative impact is strongest when importers are non-abusive democracies
• This effect varies significantly across continents Africa, Asia, Latin America and Oceania (AALO)

Why It Matters

These findings clarify that international shaming isn't a neutral activity—it intensifies the trade consequences of rights violations. This nuanced understanding helps explain how human rights diplomacy might influence economic relations between states.