Elections and Deceptions: Why Campaign Promises Influence Official Behavior

This article presents a novel explanation for democratic elections—candidates incur psychological costs from deception. Using lab experiments, the study demonstrates that campaign promises significantly influence both voter preferences and representative conduct.

• Campaigns as Behavioral Influencers: Psychological costs of lying create incentives for truthful representation even in non-elected officials.
• Electoral Cycles Impact: Democratic elections improve governance outcomes, but only when accompanied by campaigns. Appointment alone does not yield these benefits without campaigning.
• High Approval Rates Drive Service: Representatives serving the public interest more diligently when facing high approval ratings from constituents.

The findings offer important insights beyond traditional views of elections as screening mechanisms.