This study demonstrates how partisan media impacts public opinion indirectly.

🔹 Limited Direct Impact: Partisan outlets reach a small audience, but their influence extends further.

🔹 Indirect Persuasion Mechanism: Experimental results show that those exposed persuade others who weren't directly reached.

🔹 Two-Step Communication Flow: The spread depends critically on the discussion partners' partisan alignment. We find varying effects when discussing with like-minded vs mixed audiences.

🔸 Methodology Highlight: Using controlled experiments, we reveal how media content travels through conversation networks.

The findings suggest that earlier research underestimated these outlets' power and challenge assumptions about polarization drivers.