This comprehensive review examines semi-presidential systems across 327 publications from 1970 to 2015.

🔍 Data & Methods

* General screening of 327 articles covering the period 1970–2015

* Close reading of sixty-five key studies

🤔 Key Findings

* Inconsistent use of regime type definitions hinders generalizations

* Seminal works have significantly influenced the field

* Recent scholarship increasingly focuses on presidential roles and powers

* More research is needed beyond European contexts

💡 Why It Matters

This article advocates for greater attention to historical and normative institutionalism.

It emphasizes expanding semi-presidential studies globally, not just within Europe.

Moving forward requires incorporating diverse theoretical perspectives.