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Let Students Set the Ground Rules: A Simple Way to Calm Contentious Classroom Talks

deliberative pedagogyactive learningcivilityclassroom rulesempowermentTeaching and Learning@PSDataverse
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🧭 What This Activity Does

Classroom discussions of current events and controversial topics can devolve into unproductive, highly charged debates. This article describes an in-class exercise that fosters respect during difficult conversations by asking students to design rules and guidelines to create a safe space for dialogue.

πŸ“š How It Works in the Classroom

The activity rests on three guiding principles and integrates into a democratic, active-learning classroom:

  • Trust: Establishing norms that signal reliability and predictability in interactions.
  • Empowerment: Giving students ownership over the discussion process by co-creating rules.
  • Empathy: Encouraging perspective-taking and attention to fellow students' emotional safety.

The principles are intended to be incorporated into broader pedagogical approaches emphasizing a democratic classroom and active learning rather than as a stand-alone technique.

πŸ’‘ Student Responses and Effects

Student feedback indicates the intervention can be useful for promoting respectful and engaging discussions, especially during moments of tension and polarization.

Key observed outcomes and trade-offs:

  • Promotes more respectful, focused engagement during heated topics.
  • Helps prevent conversations from becoming purely adversarial.
  • Raises important caveats: an emphasis on civility can inadvertently suppress the diversity of opinions and requires explicitly respecting students’ silences.

πŸ”Ž Why It Matters

This classroom exercise provides a practical, low-cost method for instructors who want to cultivate civil, democratic dialogue without relying solely on instructor-imposed rules. At the same time, careful implementation is needed to avoid curtailing dissent or silencing marginalized voices.

Article card for article: Empowering Students to Have Difficult Conversations
Empowering Students to Have Difficult Conversations was authored by Ioana Emy Matesan. It was published by Cambridge in PS in 2025.
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PS: Political Science & Politics