Article Abstract: The case study literature is ripe with examples of a positive association between inequality and civil war, but systematic country-level studies have largely failed to find a significant relationship. One reason for this discrepancy may be that large-N studies tend to ignore spatial variations in group welfare within countries, although civil wars often take place within limited areas. We address this gap in the literature by applying GIS operations to Demographic and Health Surveys to construct new disaggregated data on welfare and socioeconomic inequalities between and within subnational regions in 22 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. These measures are coupled with geographical data on the location of conflict zones for the period 1986-2004. We find that conflict onsets are more likely in regions with (1) low levels of education; (2) strong relative deprivation regarding household assets; (3) strong intraregional inequalities; and (4) combined presence of natural resources and relative deprivation. Socioeconomic status has long been associated with engagement in violent conflict. Recent economic models of civil war focus on opportunity costs for rebel recruitment (e.g., Collier and Hoeffler 2004) whereas classical theories of relative
Regional Inequalities and Civil Conflict in Sub-saharan Africa was authored by Gudrun Østby, Ragnhild Nordås and Jan Ketil Rød. It was published by Oxford in ISQ in 2009.
