Land Formalization

When indigenous groups hold communal property informally, they invest in traditional institutions for collective action and electoral success.

Interviews & Experiments

Our multi-method approach included interviews with three-hundred Peruvian indigenous leaders and designed experiments to test the influence of land tenure.

Historical Analysis

Using historical land-title data, we tracked how formalizing collective property rights affects political mobilization over time.

Digital Scrutiny

We complemented this with scraping candidate CVs from local elections, revealing shifts in coethnic representation.

The findings suggest that while communal land is often praised for development benefits, its formal recognition can inadvertently weaken the systems needed to secure indigenous political power.