Voters often conflate party identity with ideology, but this isn't always accurate.
Data & Methods
- Survey Experiment
- Mixed-methods Approach (Quantitative + Qualitative)
- National Sample of Voters
Key Findings
- Red states ≠ Republican ideology
- Blue states ≠ Democratic ideology
- Distinct ideological clusters emerge within parties
Why It Matters
- Revises traditional understanding of partisan perception
- Offers insights into descriptive representation debates
- Illuminates the link between polarization and public opinion dynamics

