
This article examines survey data from the 2016 U.S. election, comparing it with prior election surveys.
The authors challenge four common claims about white working-class voters:
They find that three of these assertions lack empirical support, while the fourth requires contextual clarification.
The paper highlights a long-term trend: rising Republican support among white working-class voters predating 2016. Without attention to this gradual shift,
Trump's appeal appears more unique than it actually was.

| The White Working Class and the 2016 Election was authored by Nicholas Carnes and Noam Lupu. It was published by Cambridge in POP in 2021. |
