The Voting Rights Act's preclearance provision significantly influenced legislative support for civil rights legislation during the study period.

{emoji} Section 5 Effects {emoji}

Electoral accountability increased dramatically among members of Congress representing jurisdictions subject to the VRA's Section 5 requirements.

{emoji} Contextual Factors {emoji}

The impact was amplified in districts with higher concentrations of Black voters and competitive races.

{emoji} Robust Findings {emoji}

• Results consistent across diverse model specifications
• Persistence maintained throughout the 86th to 105th congresses
• Influence sustained despite Supreme Court decisions in Shelby County v. Holder